|
In sperm banks, screening of potential sperm donors typically includes genetic diseases, chromosomal abnormalities and sexually transmitted infections that may be transmitted through sperm. The screening procedure generally also includes a quarantine period, in which the samples are frozen and stored for at least 6 months after which the donor will be re-tested for the STIs. This is to ensure no new infections have been acquired or have developed during the period of donation. Providing the result is negative, the sperm samples can be released from quarantine and used in treatments. In the US, the screening procedures are regulated by the FDA, the ASRM, the American Association of Tissue Banks, and the CDC.〔(Comprehensive Donor Screening ) at Sperm Bank of California〕 The screening regulations are more stringent today than they have been in the past.〔(dailymail.co.uk - The hidden health risks for children of sperm donors. ) By Anna Magee. Last updated at 1:32 AM on 7 October 2008〕 In Europe, the screening procedure are regulated by the EU Tissue Directive. ==Components== Screening includes:〔 *Taking a medical history of the donor, his children, siblings, parents, and grandparents etc. for three to four generations back. This is often done in conjunction with the patient's family doctor. *HIV risk assessment interview, asking about sexual activity and any past drug use. *Blood tests and urine tests for infectious diseases, such as: * *HIV-1/2 ''see sections below'' * *HTLV-1/2 * *Hepatitis B * *Hepatitis C * *Syphilis * *Gonorrhea * *Chlamydia * *Cytomegalovirus (CMV) ''see sections below'', although not all clinics test for this. *Blood and urine tests for blood typing and general health indicators: ABO/Rh typing, CBC, liver panel and urinalysis *Complete physical examination including careful examination of the penis, scrotum and testicles. *Genetic testing for carrier traits, for example: * *Cystic Fibrosis * *Sickle-cell disease * *Thalassemia * *Other hemoglobin-related blood disorders. Cystic fibrosis carrier screening, chromosome analyses, and hemoglobin evaluations are performed on the majority of sperm donor applicants in the United States.〔 Donors of Jewish, Québécois, or Cajun descent may also get genetic testing for the carrier trait of Tay Sachs disease, but there is significant variation in screening for other disorders that occur with increased frequency in this population. *General health *Semen analysis for: * *Sperm count * *Morphology * *Motility * *Acrosome activity may also be tested 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Screening of potential sperm bank donors」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|